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The Gulf of Guinea is the large open arm of the Atlantic Ocean formed by the great bend of the coast of West Africa. It is considered the geographic centre of the earth because it is zero degrees longitude and latitude, where the equator and prime meridian meet. The exploitation of major offshore oil deposits began in the late 1990s. The Gulf also harbours one of the largest reserves of natural gas in the world and is one of the planet's richest and most diverse ecosystems and biodiversities. Multi-national oil giants are jostling for position with widespread production and exploration in as many as 11 nations.

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